Hi Tim
It sounds like you can assign competencies to courses and set the completion of activities as required , thanks to Amir's advice.
If you want to extend this a bit further in the case where one set of competencies (course) has to passed before another is able to be enroled in then a program can be set up that controls the order of courses.
See http://help.totaralms.com/Creating_Editing_a_Program.htm for how to do this.
Craig